A neural plate is formed first, which eventually closes to form a neural tube from which the adult nervous system develops.Ī coordinating and integrating system that functions in the adaptation of a vertebrate organism to its environment. Signals are transmitted from one neuron to another across a synapse.Įmbryologically, the nervous system arises from the outer germ layer (ectoderm). Vertebrates have common morphological patterns in the development and function of the nervous system, including spinal, medullar, cerebellar, tectal, diencephalic, and telencephalic patterns.Ī neuron (nerve cell) consists of a cell body, one to several cytoplasmic processes called dendrites, and one process called an axon. The vertebrate brain consists of three basic divisions: prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon. The vertebrate nervous system includes the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, cranial and peripheral nerves, and ganglia.
The cells, tissues, and organs of the vertebrate nervous system collectively coordinate the body and allow an organism to sense and respond to stimuli.
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